Since said about Addition, particular adjectives are polysemous in a manner that for each and every sense falls toward a good different class of brand new classifications simply demonstrated. Consider including the adjective economic inside Example (1), regular here because the Example (9) to possess convenience. Both fundamental sensory faculties away from economic instantiate the relational (feel from inside the Analogy (9a)) in addition to qualitative category (experience for the Analogy (9b)), respectively.
Instances of typical polysemy involving the intensional and you may qualitative classes and are present, because the represented in Advice (12) and you will (13)
Crucially for the purposes, inside the all the senses the adjective shows brand new features out of each of the associated groups. Whenever used just like the an excellent relational adjective, this is simply not gradable and cannot be used inside a beneficial pre-moderate reputation (Analogy (10)). Regarding studies you to definitely realize, i point on capturing so it crossbreed behavior.
Whenever put as a qualitative adjective, it’s gradable and it can be taken predicatively (select Example (11))
Antic has two major sensory faculties, good qualitative one (equivalent to ‘old, ancient’) and a keen intensional one (equal to ‘former’). Notice once again that, whenever used in the new intensional sense, it displays qualities of intensional group: It appears to be pre-nominally (Example (13a)) and is maybe not gradable (Example (13b)).
New category regarding choice group, compared to knowledge-relevant adjectives, along with brings up regular polysemy, especially, between event-associated and qualitative adjectives, because depicted during the Advice (14) and you may (15). The new participial adjective sabut (‘known’) provides a meeting-relevant experience, add up to the fresh new verb saber (‘know’), and you may good qualitative feel which might be translated once the ‘wise’. Likewise, the new deverbal adjective cridaner produced by cridar (‘so you’re able to shout’) alternates anywhere between a meeting-related sense and an excellent qualitative feel.
Advice (14) and (15) represent instances of typical polysemy given that, as well as feel pulled on translations, there is a medical change out of a transparent family relations toward enjoy to help you a quality you to definitely holds a very faraway regards to the big event. Regarding sabut the fresh relation is clear (if the a guy understands a lot, they are smart); in the case of cridaner, a shirt qualifies toward adjective in case it is as an example loud-coloured otherwise features a peculiar clipped, in order that it gains the attention men and women, because shouting really does.
In this post, i just think sorts of polysemy you to reduce across the classification pursued. Other sorts of polysemy with usually started tackled about literature will never be considered. Including, we’re going to not concerned with new polysemy huggle represented in Example (16), and that arguably possess a lot more related to the new semantics of your own modified noun than that new adjective (Pustejovsky 1995). Both of the brand new spends away from trist (‘sad’) represented from inside the Example (16) fall under this new qualitative category, very, from the functions from the Lapata (2000; Lapata (2001) cited prior to now, we really do not beat the fresh new adjective while the polysemous regarding the framework of your expose tests.
Considering the hybrid choices of polysemous adjectives informed me from inside the Area step three, we are able to expect that they respond in a different way out-of adjectives about first groups. For-instance, adjectives polysemous between a qualitative and you may a good relational use should display far more evidence for gradability than simply pure relational adjectives, but lower than pure qualitative adjectives. Contained in this glance at, polysemous adjectives get into a category, including, new qualitative-relational category, that’s unlike both the qualitative and also the relational categories, generally proving ability philosophy which might be in between the ones from the fresh new very first classes. Within area, we overview of studies comparison accurately that it model to possess regular polysemy. We are going to thus identify anywhere between four version of adjectives: qualitative, intensional, relational, polysemous anywhere between a qualitative and you will an intensional learning (intensional-qualitative), and polysemous between a great qualitative and a great relational training (qualitative-relational). There’s you to definitely polysemous class destroyed (intensional-relational). Zero instances of polysemy between intensional and you will relational adjectives was in fact seen in our study.